DOROTHEA OREM’S SELF-CARE
DEFICIT THEORY
This is a Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) assignment.
Nursing theories are tested and systematic ways to implement nursing practice.
Select a nursing theory and its conceptual model. Prepare a 10-15 slide PowerPoint
in which you describe the nursing theory and its conceptual model and demonstrate
its application in nursing practice. Include the following:
Present an overview of the nursing theory. Provide evidence that demonstrates
support for the model’s efficacy in nursing practice. Explain how the theory proves
the conceptual model.
Explain how the nursing theory incorporates the four metaparadigm concepts.
Provide three evidence-based examples that demonstrate how the nursing theory
supports nursing practice. Provide support and rationale for each.
Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the
Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in
the appropriate style.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic
writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented
OVERVIEW OF THE NURSING THEORY
Emanates from continuous efforts towards the
improvement in nursing practices across healthcare
facilities (Ajesh & Chandran, 2017).
The interrelationship between the various concepts
focuses on the creation of different ways of interpreting
phenomena.
It thus focuses on activities related to self care
Self-care, in the theory, entails the initiation and
accomplishment of tasks that maintain and safeguard an
individual’s health and life and welfare
SUB-THEORIES EMBEDDED IN THE DEFICIT MODEL
Comprises of nursing comprises of
Theory of Self-Care (TSC)
Theory of Self-Care Deficit
Theory of Nursing Systems
CONCEPTUAL MODEL AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
THE CONSTITUENT THEORIES
THEORY OF SELF-CARE
Self-care- prioritization on carrying out activities initiated by
people in the maintaining their welfare
Agency of self care- the ability of the individuals to engage in
self-care. Conditioning factors include; social interactions, age, and
state of development, gender, living patterns, and health care
system factors (Awaliyah, Setwayoti, & Budiati, 2017).
Therapeutic self-care demand- describes the entire activities
required at a specific moment or over some duration in realizing
the requisites, and based on the use of valid methods as well as
relative actions or operations
Self-care requisites- activities carried out towards the provision
self-care. The levels under these requisites include universal,
development, and deviation of health requisites related to self care
SELF-CARE REQUISITES
Requirements under Universal Self Care
Focus on activities that guarantee
sustenance of the integrity in an
individual’s functionality and body
structures
Aspects across the activities carried out
in his/her life (ADL)
Orem definition of the requisites as:-
- maintaining a stable consumption of
food and water, as well as respiration
-ensuring adequate excretion and
elimination of waste
-sustenance in balance between
physical activities, rest, and interactions
with other people
-preventing harm or illnesses
-promoting functionality (Vati, 2015)
Developmental Self-Care Requisites
Optimizes growth and development process
influenced by different occurrences in the
life-cycle changes or health conditions that
lead to adjustment to bodily changes
Health Deviation Self-Care Requisites-
necessary during injuries, illnesses, or
diseases
visiting a physician or purchasing
medications
Awareness and attending to the outcomes
affecting an individual’s pathology
Effective performance of diagnosis, therapy,
and rehabilitation
Modification of perceptions and the or state
of health
Coping and living with the outcome (Vati,
2015)
THEORY OF SELF-CARE DEFICIT
Defines the various ways an individual might benefit from
the nursing services available.
According to Orem, nurses may help people through:
Carrying out activities or partaking in various services
Offering guidance and necessary direction
Providing physical and psychological support
Environmental conditions that boost personal
development
Raising awareness and educating patients and their
colleagues (Smith & Parker, 2015)
THEORY OF NURSING SYSTEMS
Describes the processes through which the patient’s health
needs are addressed based on his/her perspective, that of
nurses, or both.
However, the constituent on nursing systems used is
classified into three categories that focus on addressing
the requirements of health
Wholly compensatory system
Partly compensatory system
Supportive-educative system (Abdelkader & Bawadi,
2019)
THEORY’S PROOF AND SUPPORTS THE MODEL
ASSUMPTIONS IN THE MODEL
People are independent and responsible for their welfare and
those of others in their families
All people have distinctive aspects and attributes
Nursing actions necessitates he interaction between two or
more people
The success behind the realization of development and
universal requisites is fundamental to primary care prevention
components
An individual’s knowledge of the various risk factors suffices
the adoption of behavior that promotes
Independent care are behaviors acquired through interactions
with other people in socio-cultural contexts or through
communication and interactions with other people
(Abdelkader & Bawadi, 2019).
THE INCORPORATION OF THE 4 METAPARADIGM
CONCEPTS
Person
Identified as the patient or
nursing care services recipient
An individual with biological,
social, and symbolic
functionality and has the
potential to learn and develop
An individual who can
deliberately act through the
interpretation of experiences
and performance of beneficial
actions (Ajesh & Chandran,
2017)
Health
wholeness of the bodily functions
and structure
The opposite of illness
Encompasses activities such as the
maintenance and health
promotion, and the preventing
hazards (Awaliyah, Setwayoti, &
Budiati, 2018)
THE INCORPORATION OF THE 4 METAPARADIGM
CONCEPTS (CONT’D )
Nursing
Intellectual quality aimed
at assisting individuals and
groups
Human services that focus
on people’s inadequacies
in their maintenance of
care standards (Abdelkader
& Bawadi, 2019)
Environment
The physical and psychological
external surrounding
External factors, elements,
conditions, and developmental
surroundings
Associated with positive and
negative effects to the
administration of personalized
care (Smith & Parker, 2015)
EVIDENCE-BASED EXAMPLES DEPICTING NURSES EFFICACY
Nursing
Process
Orem’s Nursing Process
Assessment
Diagnosing and prescribing- determination of the importance of nursing, analysis,
interpretation and drawing conclusions related to care
Designing a system for nursing operations and planning for their delivery
Managing and producing different systems
Step 1- Data Collection across Six Area:-
Patient current health condition
Physician’s point of on the his/her health
Patient point of view on his welfare
Objectives outlined the patient’s of health status, life history, and lifestyle.
Nursing
diagnosis
Plans based
on scientific
rationale
Step 2:-
Highlighting the demanded factors in the care services rendered to the patient
The use of set of effective and efficient measures for helping the patient in compensating or
overcoming deficits in personalized care
Implementatio
n
Evaluation
Step 3-
Helping the patient to achieve the described or identified health or health related results
Collecting information/evidence for evaluating the results obtained against those specified in
the nursing system design
Etiological components or nursing diagnosis
Evaluation
EVIDENCE-BASED EXAMPLES AND NURSING EFFICACY
Patient has undergone abdominal surgery following a
condition such as rheumatoid arthritis
Patient with controlled hypertension and seeks diet
information
Senile persons or individual with a severe mental
impairment/ retardation
REFERENCES
Abdelkader, R. H., & Bawadi, H. (2019). Self-Care Behavior Assessment of Fragile
School-Age Children: An Application of Orem’s Self-Care Framework.