Functional Health Patterns Community Assessment Guide

Functional Health Patterns Community Assessment Guide
Functional Health Pattern (FHP) Template Directions:
This FHP template is to be used for organizing community assessment data.

1. Address every bulleted statement under the following sections with data or rationale for
   deferral. You may also add additional bullet points if applicable to the community. The
   community we choose to describe is Richmond, Virginia USA.I have no clue or I have
   never been there so I have no idea what to write or where to begin and my work schedule is
   crazy with not much time for research ,SO PLEASE I NEED YOUR HELP . RESPONSE
   MUST IN BULLETED FORM WITH DATA OR RATIONAL FOR DEFERRAL.
2. An actual, at risk and potential nursing diagnosis and recommendations for surveillance
   and preventative measures are required for each activity, rest and nutrition.
   Activity/Exercise
   � Community fitness programs (gym discounts, P.E., recess, sports, access to YMCA, etc.).
   � Recreational facilities and usage (gym, playgrounds, bike paths, hiking trails, courts,
   pools, etc.).
   � Safety programs (rules and regulations, safety training, incentives, athletic trainers,
   etc.).
   � Injury statistics or most common injuries.
   � Evidence of sedentary leisure activities (amount of time watching TV, videos, and
   computer).
   � Means of transportation.
   Sleep/Rest
   � Sleep routines/hours of your community: Compare with sleep hour standards (from
   National Institutes of Health [NIH]).
   � Indicators of general ‘restedness’ and energy levels.
   � Factors affecting sleep:
   o Shift work prevalence of community members
   o Environment (noise, lights, crowding, etc.)
   o Consumption of caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, and drugs
   o Homework/Extracurricular activities
   o Health issues
   Nutrition/Metabolic
   � Indicators of nutrient deficiencies.
   � Obesity rates or percentages: Compare to CDC statistics.
   � Affordability of food/available discounts or food programs and usage (e.g., WIC, food
   boxes, soup kitchens, meals-on-wheels, food stamps, senior discounts, employee discounts,
   etc.).
   � Availability of water (e.g., number and quality of drinking fountains).
   � Fast food and junk food accessibility (vending machines).
   � Evidence of healthy food consumption or unhealthy food consumption (trash, long lines,
   observations, etc.).
   � Provisions for special diets, if applicable.
   � For schools (in addition to above):
   o Nutritional content of food in cafeteria and vending machines: Compare to ARS 15-
   242/The Arizona Nutrition Standards (or other state standards based on residence)
   o Amount of free or reduced lunch

COMMUNITY HEALTH ASSESSMENT – (RICHMOND,VIRGINIA USA) 2

RESPONSE MUST BE RECENT AND REFERRALS MUST NOT BE MORE THAN 1
YEAR OLD.

Community Health Assessment – (Richmond, Virginia USA)
A community health assessment is imperative in coming up with strategies for managing
and preventing diseases. Joint forces are very necessary whenever addressing systemic
challenges that affect a community.

Activity/ Exercise

 Community Fitness programs: the School Health Initiative promotes physical activity
among students. There are also cycling campaigns.
 Recreational facilities and usage: in Richmond, group, family, and meetup recreational
activities are encouraged. Some of the most famous gyms include 123 fit, anytime fitness,
body mechanix, Richmond balance, snap fitness, and your 24/7 gym.
 Safety programs: there are awareness creation campaigns about the significance of safety.
 Injury statistics/ most common injuries: 145,405 traffic crashes were reported in Virginia
in 2007, which resulted to 1,026 deaths and 68,822 injuries. 61.6% of the crashes
involved two cars (Shaw et al., 2007).
 Sedentary leisure activities: people in Richmond normally watch television in the
evenings after the day’s work and promise that they will exercise the following night.
 Means of transport: people basically use the bus, train, taxi, and airplanes for transport.
Nursing diagnosis and recommendations for preventative and surveillance measures
Lack of adequate exercise lead to obesity and heart diseases. These can be rectified
through ensuring sufficient exercise and activity.

COMMUNITY HEALTH ASSESSMENT – (RICHMOND,VIRGINIA USA) 3

Sleep/ rest

 Sleep routines/ hours: younger adolescents mostly suffer from irregular sleep-wake and
inadequate sleep patterns. 30% of the children sleep for 4-7 hours on school nights as
opposed to the recommended 8-9 hours. Therefore, 50% of the teenagers are always tired
at school (Shapiro et al., 1996).
 Energy levels and general ‘restedness’ indicators: students’ performance is poor; people
lack concentration at the work place, and difficulty in performing basic activities.
 Factors affecting sleep
 Shift work prevalence: the society is hectic and fast-paced where people are engaged in
many activities.
 Environment: the environment is highly populated with noise
 Drugs, alcohol, nicotine, or caffeine use: the use of drugs and caffeine in Richmond
influences sleep among adults.
 Extracurricular/ homework activities: as mentioned earlier, the society is hectic and
therefore, people engage in various extracurricular activities that affect their sleep.
 Health issues: insomnia, anxiety, weight gain, depression, and fatigue.
Nursing diagnosis and recommendations for preventative and surveillance measures
Irregular sleep and inadequate sleep patterns can result to restless legs syndrome, sleep
apnea, hypersomnia, insomnia, night terrors, and bruxism (Tracey et al., 1997). These can be
prevented trough ensuring a regular sleep and sufficient sleep patterns including medications,
rehabilitation, psychotherapeutic/ behavioral treatments, as well as other somatic treatments.

Nutrition/ Metabolic

COMMUNITY HEALTH ASSESSMENT – (RICHMOND,VIRGINIA USA) 4

 Nutrition deficiency indicators: there is high consumption of fast-food meals among
adults and kids particularly after work. Fast foods have no or little nutritional value.
 Obesity rates: 30% of Richmond’s adult population is obese. In addition, 65% of the
children are obese and overweight.
 Affordability/ availability of food programs: a majority of the schools benefit from food
programs.
 Water availability: people have sufficient coves, harbors, rivers, ponds, lakes, bays, and
creeks from where they can get water.
 Fast/ junk food: owing to the intense activities that people engage in, they often consume
fast-food meals such as drive-thru mystery meals and frozen dinners for the kids and
themselves.
 Health/ unhealthy food consumption: in Richmond, it is the responsibility of every
individual to ensure healthy food consumption.
 Special diet: special diets are not uncommon in Richmond.
 Schools
 Nutritional content: the School Health Initiative supports healthier choices in the schools’
vending machines as well as community gardens.
 Amount of reduced/ free lunch: not many schools are able to provide free lunch to its
students. Moreover, the free lunch does not contain all the principal food nutrients
(Anand et al., 2000).
Nursing diagnosis and recommendations for preventative and surveillance measures

COMMUNITY HEALTH ASSESSMENT – (RICHMOND,VIRGINIA USA) 5

Overweight and obesity can lead to potential diseases such as cancer, diabetes, stroke,
and heart disease. Moreover, obese and overweight children can suffer from sleep apnea,
self-esteem issues, and social discrimination in addition to high blood pressure, diabetes
type 2, and high blood cholesterol that are prevalent among obese adults. Obesity and
overweight can be prevented and managed through exercise and healthy eating.

COMMUNITY HEALTH ASSESSMENT – (RICHMOND,VIRGINIA USA) 6

References

Anand, S. S., Yusuf, S., Vuksan, V., Devanesen, S., Teo, K. K., Montague, P. A. & McQueen,
M. (2000). Differences in risk factors, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease
between ethnic groups in Canada: the Study of Health Assessment and Risk in Ethnic
groups (SHARE). The lancet, 356(9226), 279-284.
Shapiro, E. T., Richmond, J. C., Rockett, S. E., McGrath, M. M., & Donaldson, W. R. (1996).
The use of a generic, patient-based health assessment (SF-36) for evaluation of patients
with anterior cruciate ligament injuries. The American journal of sports medicine, 24(2),
196-200.
Shaw, W. C., Richmond, S., Kenealy, P. M., Kingdon, A., & Worthington, H. (2007). A 20-
year cohort study of health gain from orthodontic treatment: psychological outcome.
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 132(2), 146-157.
Tracey, J. M., Arroll, B., Richmond, D. E., & Barham, P. M. (1997). The validity of general
practitioners’ self-assessment of knowledge: cross sectional study. BMJ: British Medical
Journal, 315(7120), 1426.